Othello - Readings free essay sample

Othello, a Shakespearean tragedy, is about how jealousy and hubris shape the destruction of the protagonist, Othello. Iago, Othello’s right hand aide, is a cunning, jealous character and brings about Othello’s downfall through his clever manipulations to all the characters in the play, especially Othello. Iago’s manipulations of Othello conform to the post-colonial reading and the features of an Aristotelian tragedy. The post-colonial reading focuses on the marginalised group, referred to as ‘the other’. The other’, due to their different ethnic backgrounds, are perceived as inferior. The Aristotelian tragedy is about a patriarchal society containing a tragic hero the tragic hero is portrayed as a powerful, respected person with a fatal flaw, his hubris. His hubris leads to his ultimate, inevitable downfall. Through the post-colonial reading, Iago takes advantage of Othello’s ethnic background and feeling of difference from the whole Ve netian society. Othello trusts Iago to advise him about Venice. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello Readings or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Act 3 Scene 3, after Iago reminds Othello of Desdemona’s disobedience to her father, Iago poisons Othello’s mind by saying that his wife, Desdemona, is unfaithful to him as she is having an affair with someone else. He says that Desdemona would be dissatisfied and bored by staying with a black, old Moor and that she would want to sleep with another man. Her will †¦ may fall to match you with her country forms and happily repent. He justifies his statement by asserting his knowledge about his Venetian culture and takes advantage of Othello’s ignorance of Venetian culture. I know our country disposition well. In Venice, they do let God see the pranks they dare not show their husbands. Their best conscience is to keep’t unknown. Iago suggests to Othello that Desdemona’s lover is a white man (Florentine) named Cassio. Look to your wife, observe her well with Cassio. This results in Othello’s insecurity and doubtfulness over his relationship with Desdemona and questions his wife’s fidelity. He feels neglected and abused by his wife due to his African race. He perceives his race as inferior and a factor in Desdemona’s resentment and infidelity towards himself. Another issue from the post-colonial reading is that racism is against Othello. Animalistic imagery is used to show Venetian society’s racist thoughts against blacks. An example of this is when Iago and Rodrigo use racist language to describe Othello and their disgust in Othello having sex with Desdemona. You’ll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse†¦ the black ram is tupping your white ewe. Through the Aristotelian tragedy reading, Othello’s egocentricity, arrogance and jealousy are the presiding factors of his destruction. Othello feels that his wife is unfaithful and has slept with another man, Cassio. His weak-mindedness and arrogance leads to Iago deceiving him and controlling him saying that Desdemona has sinned through cheating Othello and needs to be punished. Iago says and to see how he prizes the foolish woman your wife; she gave it him and he hath given it his whore. Othello feels conflicted and is in a dilemma. He still loves his wife when he says I would have Cassio nine years a-killing †¦ a fine woman, a fair woman, a sweet woman. Iago provokes Othello and incenses him with arrogance and rage as shown in if you are so fond over her iniquity; give her patent to offend for if it touch not you, it comes near nobody. Iago says that Othello can forgive Desdemona’s evil deeds if he adores very much. Instantly, Othello is furious and his hatred of Desdemona increases in his heart. I will chop her into messes. Cuckold me! He does not want to hear any truth from Desdemona as he is arrogant and vain, thinking that the ‘honest’ Iago’s suggestions and advice is for Othello’s welfare. Othello’s hubris is further demonstrated to a greater extent when he strangles Desdemona in her bed. He is proud and vain thinking that the handkerchief is enough proof that Desdemona is has faithlessness to her husband. Desdemona protests and in a respectful, polite manner, she begs him to stop and listen to her statements. However, despite Desdemona’s countless pleas, Othello brutally smothers her in his feelings of rage, ignorance, jealousy and arrogance. (Desdemona): I never did offend you in my life; never loved Cassio. Othello): O Perjured woman! Thou dost stone my heart. I saw the handkerchief in his hand. (Desdemona): I never gave it to him. Othello shows his vanity and cruelty to Desdemona by outlining his capability in killing Cassio as revenge. Had all his hairs been lives, my great revenge had stomach for them all. This leads to Othello’s madness and desperateness in killing those who have abused and mocked him. He does not wish to spare anybody becau se his hubris facilitates him to kill the innocent ones without question. Othello: Out, strumpet! Desdemona: Banish me my lord, but kill me not. Othello: Down, Strumpet! (He smothers her) Othello’s ruthlessness and hubris energise him to throttle his wife, ignoring her desperate pleas. He is vain and ignorant as he thinks that he knows and controls his wife’s fate. Overall, Iago has manipulated Othello. This action leads to Othello’s ultimate destruction under the Aristotelian tragedy readings. For the post-colonial readings, Iago takes advantage of Othello’s race, as he conforms to ‘the other’, to destroy him.

The Achievement of Racial Equality essays

The Achievement of Racial Equality essays Letter from Birmingham Jail vs. I Am Prepared to Die In both Martin Luther King, JRs Letter from Birmingham Jail and Nelson Mandelas I Am Prepared to Die, the authors present their idealistic views of racial equality and their ideas of how that equality should be achieved. In his letter, King states, I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and not be concerned about what happens in Birmingham. Injustice anywhere is a threat to injustice everywhere (224). With these statements, King concentrates on the injustice around him and how that prejudice affects King and his people everywhere. He chooses to peacefully strive to achieve the goal of a socially and racially equal society. In his statement in the Pretoria Supreme Court, Mandela says, I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if it needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die. (267) Here Mandela states that he has, as does King, an idealistic notion of a racially equal society, but that he is ready to do whatever possible, including using violent action, to achieve it. Both writers express a compassion for creating a peaceful environment; both writers speak of fighting for their cause but with different types of action. King reflects on the problem and the peaceful methods he uses to fix it, while Mandela stresses that he will use whatever means necessary, including violent ones, to fix it. In this comparative analysis, we will explore the different methods of activism King and Mandela each use to achieve their common goal of a racially impartial world. Martin Luther King, JR spent his days of activism engaging in a peaceful battle wi ...

Computer and Securiy Era Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Computer and Securiy Era - Research Paper Example 2). This urged the computer professional to think about computer security and a need to create system protecting mechanisms and installing layers of security between the computers of different users. During this time, the concept of protection ring was evolved which is a hierarchical protection domain, that mainly uses hardware resources with some CPU architectures to add security within any system. During 1970s, the computer security field was formally taken for research. Two famous research reports were published in this era (Gollmann, 2011, p. 3). The first one was produced by Willis Ware, who talked about the technical foundations of computer security and also included analysis of the policy requirements of applications. Another report was published by Anderson, which focused on the design of secure computer systems for protecting classified information, such as US defense sector. Thus, the decade of 1970 can be called one of the most important decades in the history of computer security (Gollmann, 2011, p. 6). This was a time when new technologies were being heavily introduced in form of different kinds of applications and hardware resources. These new technologies were creating real issue regarding computer security. For the protection of public and defense data, implementing encryption was seen by government a comprehensive solution for securing computer memory and on backup media. The US Federal Bureau of Standards asked IBM for a data encryption standard, in response of which, the company came up with an algorithm, calling it â€Å"Data Encryption Standard†. The algorithm processes and encryption was then widely discussed in public forums. The birth of cryptography took place. The encryption processes and algorithms were improved by time. The encryption also gives the basic concept and idea of HTTP, HTML and XML, which are extremely important components of the internet (Gollmann, 2011, p. 8). After the introduction of Personal Computers, the

Warsaw Ghetto and The Pianist Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Warsaw Ghetto and The Pianist - Research Paper Example This essay focuses on description of the life and death in the WWII times in the Warsaw Ghetto, in Poland. The researcher analyzes the book written by a survivor of the events that are described in the book and then the movie, the Pianist. Wladyslaw Szpilman, who is an author and the main character of the book was a Polish Jewish man who lived through the Jewish Holocaust. He was a musician and his experiences were shown in the movie and the book, named The Pianist. The book was written by Szpilman and his son was able to get it published because he wanted people to know what happened to his father during WWII times. The Holocaust was a tremendously bad situation that happened to the Jews in Europe and reading a such personal account and memories was very difficult for the researcher at times. The Warsaw Ghetto in Poland was where most of Szpilman's experiences happened. The essay follows the book and describes The Warsaw Ghetto that was not a happy place or one where people were tre ated well. Life and war experiences of the main character were also described as well. To conclude, the researcher gives his own opinion on the book that he analyzed. The researcher thinks that this was an interesting time in history and it made him want to read some more about the Holocaust but it is also very difficult to read it at the same time. He also thinks that the movie was very hard to watch and he was in tears many times watching what people did. At the end, the researcher hopes that this never happens again to anyone.

Biometric Authentication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biometric Authentication - Essay Example The desirable processes of biometric authentication methods that make it reliable include verification, screening and identification. This process makes use of a watch list or a database, containing data of people to be excluded. It has records containing only the biometric information for specific individual (Ratha, Connell & Bolle 2001, p. 610). Every individual provides biometric samples to be checked to confirm if it matches the watch-list. This process is used in the discovery of an individual without the user’s prior claim of identity. It checks the bio information against the contents of a central database without which it cannot operate. This is the attack where a person pretends to be a genuine person or individual service provider and prompts a user to provide personal bio data. Once the data is available and has passed through verification, the perpetrator of the attack performs unauthorized transactions. The phishing attack is equally harmful and takes place with or without the knowledge of the owner of the bio data. For example, an individual gets into a banking hall, gets into a dust bin and collects half-filled customer vouchers containing handwritten signature or fingerprint. He or she scans the signatures and finger prints which are then used electronically for valid online transactions. Biometric methods are more secure in the performance of online transactions. The owner provides Unique biometric information only when required electronically, unlike in the use of ordinary identification numbers. A biometric method provides a high degree of privacy to users and minimizes the exposure of information to unauthorized parties (Weaver 2006, p. 99). For example, for an iris scan to be done, a person must be physically available. It is possible to fraudulently reproduce biometric data depending on the resources, modality, the

India And Other Popular Tourist Destination Tourism Essay

India And Other Popular Tourist Destination Tourism Essay In India and tourism countries throughout the world, the main aim traditionally had been towards making the destination appealing to the mass audience. Mass tourism markets had remained fundamental towards the growth of Indias tourism industry, diversity in tourism experiences and increased competition between varied destinations has fuelled towards the need of targeting special interest visitors. Tourists will increasingly seek products that will fulfill their particular tourist needs. Accordingly, many visitors are attracted towards the country mainly for customized special experiences, like education, business or sports experiences. The special interests visitors are referred as niche markets by their tourism departments and agencies. Typically, niche market is considered as a small, yet profitable, group of customers. The bottom-up approach, and the needs of niche market are primarily identified and experiences meeting their specific needs are developed. This approach enables India to capitalize on the tourism competitive advantages that the country has in tourism marketplace, allows to attract high yielding tourists, and promotes the growth and diversification in the countrys tourism industry. Special interest tourism has recently become a high growth area within travel industry. Although, the number of special tourism remained a small percentage of the total international visitors, the high growth rate and confluent character of special interest tourism sector has attracted varied commercial attention. Despite of the fact that there is increased commercialization and international scope of research on special interest tourism, many countries have systematically invigilated the global and business organization of the special interest tourism industry. Competition for peoples time is increasing day by day, recreation and leisure time activities away from home (like tourism) must be completed needs to be completed for the limited time of other home based recreational and leisure time activities. Longer working hours and increasing work pressures are promoting increasing focus on the value of recreational and leisure time. Thirty percent of working Indians dont have a working holiday. The result of this is that the short-term break holidays have become a norm in the country. Table of contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 3 Special Interest Tourism 3 Rationale 4 Range of Products and Services 5 Management of Trips 9 Conclusion 11 References 12 Introduction In India and tourism countries throughout the world, the main aim traditionally had been towards making the destination appealing to the mass audience. Mass tourism markets had remained fundamental towards the growth of Indias tourism industry, diversity in tourism experiences and increased competition between varied destinations has fuelled towards the need of targeting special interest visitors. Tourists will increasingly seek products that will fulfill their particular tourist needs. Accordingly, many visitors are attracted towards the country mainly for customized special experiences, like education, business or sports experiences. The special interests visitors are referred as niche markets by their tourism departments and agencies. Typically, niche market is considered as a small, yet profitable, group of customers. The bottom-up approach, and the needs of niche market are primarily identified and experiences meeting their specific needs are developed. This approach enables India to capitalize on the tourism competitive advantages that the country has in tourism marketplace, allows to attract high yielding tourists, and promotes the growth and diversification in the countrys tourism industry. Special Interest Tourism Within the tourism industry, special interest tourism is considered to be the fastest growing area worldwide. It comprises mainly of diverse groups of tourism activities that stands distinct from the different traditional tourism products, suggesting how tourists are beginning to demand stimulating and varied holiday experiences. The special interest tourism today has become a niche market for any countrys tourism industry. Typically, niche market is considered as a small, yet profitable, group of customers. The bottom-up approach, and the needs of niche market are primarily identified and experiences meeting their specific needs are developed. This approach enables India to capitalize on the tourism competitive advantages that the country has in tourism marketplace, allows to attract high yielding tourists, and promotes the growth and diversification in the countrys tourism industry. Special interest tourism has recently become a high growth area within travel industry. Although, the number of special tourism remained a small percentage of the total international visitors, the high growth rate and confluent character of special interest tourism sector has attracted varied commercial attention. Despite of the fact that there is increased commercialization and international scope of research on special interest tourism, many countries have systematically invigilated the global and business organization of the special interest tourism industry. Rationale From the strategic perspective, the best niche markets that are best to focus are: The characteristics and qualities in the city are aligned to the needs of targeted niche market The targeted city should have a competitive advantage over the other cities and globally pertaining to the quality and quantity of expertise and services and hard infrastructure like equipments and facilities that can be provided; The target should represent an emerging market; The barriers to growth in the target should be limited and manageable; The strategic perspective should reflect the strategic direction of the target as a whole The analysis of the country revealed 7 niche markets meeting the above criteria. Sports Tourism Business Tourism Study Tourism Event Tourism Heath tourism Youth culture tourism Marine tourism The anticipated outcomes in development of these niche markets include: Enhanced awareness of elements of Indian lifestyle; Investment promotion in tourism products and infrastructure Building the profile and capability of Indian industries to assist in the booming economy Creation of multi-dimensional image if the country as the place of visit, working and doing business. Competition for peoples time is increasing day by day, recreation and leisure time activities away from home (like tourism) must be completed needs to be completed for the limited time of other home based recreational and leisure time activities. Longer working hours and increasing work pressures are promoting increasing focus on the value of recreational and leisure time. Thirty percent of working Indians dont have a working holiday. The result of this is that the short-term break holidays have become a norm in the country. Also, at the same time, India has a growing movement towards leisure and home-related recreation, particularly in home renovation and improvements. The activities have often resulted in investment in oneself. Range of Products and Services The development of the targeted tourism products to attract niche markets to India represents an excellent opportunity to move ahead of leisure and recreation along with investing in one self by visiting various places in India. This investment could be: Towards learning something new and to gain knowledge and education Towards enriching physical, psychological and spiritual health Towards building better businesses, networks and social relationships Towards enhancing the social status Towards improving the sense of identity The investments should be integrated into strategic planning of the developments of all the niche markets. The range of products for the special interest tourism products and services could be: Sports Tourism: The convergence of tourists endeavors with sporting pursuits has provoked an increasing interest, understanding and recognition of the market. There has been an emergence of niche market referred to as sport tourism. The three principal types of sport tourism include: Active Sport Tourism: People actively participating in the sporting experience as a tourist. Event Sport Tourists: Tourists who attend the event as a spectator, and Nostalgic Sport Tourist: Tourists who visit the country to pay homage to sports. (E.g. hall of fame). The niche market of sport tourism needs to concentrate on active sport tourism. Given that India does not have advantage in nostalgic sport tourist market, event sport tourist needs to be incorporated in overall development of niche event tourism. The events like commonwealth games in India are another attraction towards sports tourisms. Also, there are traditional sports events in the country like events in the festivals and various cricketing events that could attract tourism in the country. Few cities in the country also provide for adventure tourism with excellent climate and landscape. The experience seek by adventure tourists involve significant amount of risks. Some of the products of adventure tourism include: Hot-air ballooning Wave Surfing, wind surfing and kite surfing Snorkeling along with scuba diving Performance diving along with four-wheel driving Deep sea fishing Rock climbing River rafting Mountain bike riding Horse riding, and Bungee jumping Business Tourism: India has become emerging market in the convention and international business. India is among the top 10 countries holding meetings, conferencing including business travels, incentive and meeting event. Historically the global business tourism in India focused on the domestic markets. But as the Indian economy is growing at a very fast rate more than many other developing countries in the world, it has become a market of business tourism hub. With enormous amount of multinational companies gaining market share in India, the business tourism in India has increased manifold in past few years. The development of the countrys global tourism and the opening of Indian convention and exhibition centers are representing a high opportunity towards adding another dimension to the countrys image. The developments in business tourism have significant impact on the countrys economic base. Foreign companies like Microsoft, IBM, HP and many more hold their business meetings in India and these meeting become the part of their business trips and tourism. Study Tourism: India is the country of IITs and IIMs and many more renowned universities providing significant courses and degrees. Study tourism has also seen rise in the country in the past few years. The country offers ideal environment for studying with quality education providers, natural assets and attractions, hospitable community, safe environment and warm climate along with world-class infrastructure and support services. Study tourism means travelling for undertaking some university course, or a recreational course. The country boosts various technology and management colleges that are world renowned like Indian Institute of technology and Indian institute of management. With the advent of foreign universities in the country the amount of study tourists are increasing in the country. Event Tourism: In the past one decade the profile of event tourism has escalated in the country. In India particular attention is give towards optimization of economic benefits of these events for the different communities. There are three types of events happening in the country. First are the Mega events, second the hall mark events and thirdly the community-based events. Different festive events within the country add to the event tourism within the country. Community events have continued to play an important role in countrys event calendars for the local residents. The development of mega events in the country and its strategies does not fit in the infrastructural profile of the country at the time the strategy is written. Few cities in the country also provide for adventure tourism with excellent climate and landscape. The experience seek by adventure tourists involve significant amount of risks. Health tourism: Travelling for health is the fastest growing sector in the tourism industry. This market include travel to: An environment or place or climate where tourists can make the most out of health benefits. The place where tourists can revitalize their mind and body The place where tourists can relax and unwind The place where the tourists can utilize their health infrastructure and various services available for some specific medical reason. As the list has indicated that the visitors need not to be necessarily ill for being health and wellness tourists. Most people travelling for health reasons also seek self-improvements and Youth culture tourism: Youth cultures are highly prevalent in the Indian states. Various festivals in the country include the youth events including other cultural events. from its fun to the annual pilgrimage of the countrys youth, India has a strong association with every culture. Within the overall Indian market, the country is full of youth population studying in different schools, colleges and universities. The youth culture tourism market represents numerous opportunities for India as the major place of celebrating popular events. In India particular attention is give towards optimization of economic benefits of these events for the different communities. There are three types of events happening in the country. First are the Mega events, second the hall mark events and thirdly the community-based events. Different festive events within the country add to the event tourism within the country. Community events have continued to play an important role in countrys event calendars for the local residents. Marine Tourism: Indian has various coastal areas like Mumbai, Goa, Chennai, which are added attractions toward marine tourism. The Indian council has been active in promotion of India as a marine tourist destination. The infrastructural requirements in the country are improving for attracting Super Yacht owners and builders in the costal areas. The niche market of sport tourism needs to concentrate on active sport tourism. Given that India does not have advantage in nostalgic sport tourist market, event sport tourist needs to be incorporated in overall development of niche event tourism. The events like commonwealth games in India are another attraction towards sports tourisms. Also, there are traditional sports events in the country like events in the festivals and various cricketing events that could attract tourism in the country. Management of Trips Within the tourism industry, special interest tourism is considered to be the fastest growing area worldwide. It comprises mainly of diverse groups of tourism activities that stands distinct from the different traditional tourism products, suggesting how tourists are beginning to demand stimulating and varied holiday experiences. The special interest tourism today has become a niche market for any countrys tourism industry. Tourists will increasingly seek products that will fulfill their particular tourist needs. Accordingly, many visitors are attracted towards the country mainly for customized special experiences, like education, business or sports experiences. The special interests visitors are referred as niche markets by their tourism departments and agencies. The convergence of tourists endeavors with sporting pursuits has provoked an increasing interest, understanding and recognition of the market. There has been an emergence of niche market referred to as sport tourism. Different tour Packages for the tourists Trip To Andaman Islands: Trip to Darjeeling and Gangtok Trip to Sunder bans Trip to Ladakh Trip to Kashmir Trip to Rajasthan Trip to Kerela Trip to Assam including Sikkim, Manipur and Mizoram Management of Trips: The management has to make some policies for the management of the trips including the following: All payments should be taken in advance Hotel for accommodation should have check-out time as 7:00 am as this will save another day rent for the company. Rates should be changed in case of any changes in transport and hotel and increase in government taxes. Limitations should be made on free baggage allowed during the trip Company should reserve the right of rescheduling the trip, sequence of activities including sightseeing. Company should provide holiday insurance to its customers at minimal extra costs. Company should make appropriate policy towards the trip cancellation fee along with the number of days for each penalty of cancellation. Conclusion The development of the targeted tourism products to attract niche markets to India represents an excellent opportunity to move ahead of leisure and recreation along with investing in one self by visiting various places in India. The mixture of different products and service will attract more special interest tourism into the country.

Impact of European Expansion on the Environment :: Environment Environmental Pollution Preservation

Impact of European Expansion on the Environment Technology has facilitated the transportation of a mass of people from one part of the world to another. This massive human travel, either it be the exploration, colonization, or trade of the early European nations or the contemporary infrastructure of trade, tourism, or globalization, has impacted the environment and the humans involved. This paper focuses on the era of European expansion to examine the effect of human travel on the environment and humans. The Europeans were not only responsible for the actual exploitation of natural resources in the places they discovered, but they also took diseases, new technologies, and non-native plant and animal species which had a tremendous impact on the native human population as well as the environment. The hunger for more natural resources and the need to trade for exotic goods were the main causes for European exploration and colonization. Even though religion was used as a â€Å"pretext† for European expeditions, â€Å"gold† was the real motive (1). Cippola further explains that, â€Å"Through the idea of mission and crusade the conquistadores succeeded where the medieval merchants failed and were able to reconcile the antithesis between business and religion that had plagued the conscience of medieval Europe†(2). Cipolla also discards Malthusian pressure as a possible cause for European expansion. Devastating and recurrent epidemics were constantly keeping the population growth in check and â€Å"no population pressure of any relevance was felt in Europe till the second half of the eighteenth century† (3). By eliminating these two powerful driving forces as the motivation for expansion, Cipolla claims that European expansion was basically a commercial venture (4). This expansion, being a very aggressive commercial venture, has some effect on the environment. The Europeans exploited the natural resources of the places they ‘discovered’. Excessive mining for natural resources and deforestation for shipbuilding are examples of environmental damages caused by European expansion (5). As the expansion spread throughout the world and the European Empires grew bigger and stronger, so did the pressure put on the environment to sustain this expansion. In addition to the actual exploitation of the natural resources of discovered nations and the harm to the environment associated with it, the Europeans brought with them diseases and introduced non-native plant and animal species that had catastrophic effect on to the native human population and the ecosystem, respectively. Even though the Europeans ventured into all the continents, the Americas were the ones that were greatly affected by the diseases that traveled with the Europeans.

Germination experiment Essay

Method: 1. Put some soil in every beaker and make sure it is almost the same amount 2. Place 5 beans inside each beaker at the same level beneath the soil 3. Pour 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ml of water in each beaker respectively and keep watering them every 2 days 4. Leave the beakers close to a good light source 5. After a week record the length of the stem of the plants in each beaker Variables: 1. Dependant: Height and growth of the plants 2. Independent: Amount of water 3. Controlled: Where the beakers are placed, amount of soil, amount of seeds, type of seeds, how often the plats are watered (Initially it was decided that the amount of water we would use would be 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ml but we decided to lower the amount of water so that the plants wouldn’t drown) Results: amount of water (ml) Length of plants (cm) average length (cm)   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Conclusion: The first thing we can see from the results is a boundary in the amount of water in relation with the beaker size and the amount of soil. In the table we can see that after the 20ml of water the seeds drowned and so they didn’t grew at all. But if we take in comparison the length of the plants in the beaker with 20ml with the one with 10ml we can see that with more water the germination takes place faster. For example in the results table we have the average growth of the plant of about 10. 5 cm and in the 20ml an average growth of 17. 8, so evidently we can say that the hight the amount of water, the faster the seeds will germinate and the higher they will grow. Evaluation: I think that in general this experiment was carried out fairly in terms of the type of seed, thay were kept in a well lit place, all the beakers had the same soil and the same amount of it, etc. The problem was that the plants were drowned so we couldn’t get a good set of results, so if he experiment had to be carried out again I would set a limit of water to allow the plants to actualy germinate.

Adult Education is very important Essay

The problem in India is that we have adopted democracy without preparing the ground for it by educating population. But even now it is not too late if the programme of mass Adult educa ¬tion, or Social education is undertaken in right earnest as a mass movement. No doubt the provision of universal, compulsory and free primary education is the only solution to the problem of illiteracy. But the country cannot afford to leave out a whole mass of adults and grown-ups of our society from the benefits of the literacy-drive. Apart from the political justification to the problem, Adult education is needed because it is a powerful auxiliary and an essential incentive to primary education. No programme of compulsory universal education can bear fruit without the active support and co-operation of adults. It is, therefore, imperative that educational facilities should be provided to adults. Adult education, as the term signifies, is the education of grown-up men and women who are above eighteen years. Bryson says, â€Å"Adult education includes all activities with an educational purpose, carried on by people, in the ordinary business of life who use only part of their energy to acquire intellectual equipment. † Ernst Baker says, â€Å"Adult education is given on a part-time basis and, therefore, given concurrently with work and the earning of a living. † Maulana Azad re-oriented the concept of Adult education for preparing every citizen to play his part effectively in a democratic social order. So he renamed Adult education as ‘Social Education’. In our country, adult education is imparted tinder two aspects: (1) Adult Literacy i. e. education for those adults who never had schooling before; and, (2) Continuation education i. e. education for those adults who had some schooling before. Agencies of Social (Adult) education include all the bodies, organizations or institutions which ‘deliver the goods’ which contact the ‘consumers’ of social education and satisfy their needs. They may be categorized as under: (a) Teachers, Government servants, NSS and other volunteers, social education workers etc. b) Regular educational institutions like schools, colleges, rural colleges, community centres, agriculture extension groups, worker’s educational associations and voluntary organiza ¬tions. (c) Informal educational devices like forums, study circles, group discussions, listening groups, camps. (d) Recreational, educational bodies like theatres, cinemas, clubs, societies, fairs, melas, nautanki etc. (e) Institutions whose primary aim is not education, such as eligious bodies, the Army, Parents Associations, Co-operative Societies and other Government Departments. The scope of Adult education is very comprehensive. Social education covers all those topics that are not touched by education in general at school. Topics like religion, politics and family planning can now be discussed with adults who have a mature under ¬standing. Moreover, it aims at givi ng a new orientation to the outlook of adults to suit the dynamic world. Then, the growth grooves of each individual are different from those of others. Social education harmonizes differences in growth and it also provides an opportunity for growth to those who have not been able to grow properly or completely earlier. About the need and importance of Social (Adult) education Swami Vivekananda remarked : â€Å"So long as the millions live in hunger and ignorance, I hold every man a traitor, who having been educated at their expense, pays not the heed to them. Our great natural sin is the neglect of the masses and that is the cause of our downfall. No amount of politics would be of any avail until the mas ¬ses are well educated, well fed and well cared for. National development and reconstruction is closely allied to Adult Education. If democracy is to survive, we must educate the masses for social education is the new hope for illiterate masses. Social education is heeded to widen the intellectual and political horizon of the illiterate adults. It is also needed to sharpen the aesthetic sensibility of the adults and to set the cultural tone of the community. Moreover, social educa ¬tion is needed in order to guide in spending their leisure in healthful recreations and useful activities. Lastly, illiteracy and ignorance is a sin; an illiterate adult is a burden on society. Adult education emancipates people from the tyranny of illiteracy. The objects, or purposes, or functions of social education may be stated generally or pragmatically. The philosophically oriented functions of Adult education are clearing concepts of reality of universe and life, reconciling the old and the new approaches to life, balance and independent judgment, self-realisation, human relationship and citizenship training and economic efficiency. According to the second approach which is more pragmatic and practical education has to perform two-fold purposes to the indivi-dual and to the society. From the individual’s point of view social education fulfils various purposes remedial, vocational, health, recreational, self-development and social skills. From the social and national point of view the purposes of social education are social cohesion, national efficiency and development of national resources. On the practical plane, however, there are some difficulties that confront a Social education planner or worker. Some of the main difficulties and problems are : isolation of adult education in education, accommodating difficulties, age structure of the adults, the family circumstances and background of learners, occupational grouping, cultural background, socio-economic background, geo ¬graphical location of the social education centre, level of the social education worker teacher, lack of proper knowledge of adult psy ¬chology, paucity of leisure lack of equipment, lack of motivation, fatigue of adults and their constitutional and temperamental lethargy, lack of proper publicity, hostility from certain vested interests, poor supervision of centres and half-hearted implement ¬ation. The difficulties have to be overcome either by cleverness, or by fact or by compromise, or may be, by intentional avoidance. Only then we can hope to spread Adult Education. The purpose of all good teaching is to produce changes in human behavior. All adult education teacher must adopt a positive approach; he should help the adults learn quickly and effectively and willing by using any of the three prevalent methods – the Teacher Dominated methods, the Learner Dominated Method or the Co-operative Method. He may make use of any or all the seven types of aids given in the Govern ¬ment of India Handbook on Social Education viz, Spoken words, spoken words reproduced through radio or recording, written words, chart, graphs and maps, objects produced or reproduced as models, demonstrations, pageants, dramas, television and other objects represented as pictures, pictures reproduced by episcopate-slides etc. actual objects, field trips and specially arranged exhibitions, museums or films shows. Gandhiji’s idea of social service for college students during the vacation and, later on full time basis will prove invaluable in this regard. Young men and women taking up Adult education as a drive should be fired with a missionary zeal to eradicate illiteracy and ignorance from our country. The slogan should be â€Å"Each one, teach one. † Happily, greater emphasis has been laid on Adult Education in the Seventh Five-Year Plan. The tenth point in Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi’s 20-point Programme-‘Expansion of Education’-also makes special mention of stimulating Adult literacy. Sizeable funds have been allocated and separate staff, including the block and Aanganwari people has been deployed to foster Adult education. Adult education officers have been appointed in each college and they supervise the running of adult schools by student volunteers. The programme of Adult education has to be undertaken on war-footing. adult education is very important . adults must know the basic things of life. adult education is needed because it is an essential part of primary education. some people in their early age did not get chance to education because of some reasons but if they are old they can get education and discover their live in a new way. people who are not making effort for the success cant succeed in their lives . we can get education in any age . education helps us in many ways. such knowledge is necessary for every person living in a democratic country. education is a important part of our life. education means knowledge and it is very important for us. in old times people do not send their girls to schools for education but now people want that there childern should be educated. if we are not educated we have to depend on others but if we are educated we do not have to depend on others. educated person can differentiate between good or bad. education increase our knowledge

Use of Names of Greek Letters in English

Use of Names of Greek Letters in English Use of Names of Greek Letters in English Use of Names of Greek Letters in English By Mark Nichol Because of the significance of Greek civilization in the development of engineering, mathematics, and science, names for Greek letters of the alphabet are widely employed in English to represent various constants, functions, and variables, though such use has extended to less technical contexts as well. Here’s a discussion of more casual usage. Alpha and beta, the words for the first two letters of the Greek alphabet, were combined- in Greek, Latin, Middle English, and Modern English consecutively- to denote a set of letters, constituting a language’s written system, arranged in a traditional order. The first and last letters, alpha and omega, also have a resonance in Christianity, as the Bible has God referring to himself as â€Å"the beginning and the end, the first and the last.† Alpha also has a sense borrowed from the use of the term in science to describe the first, primary, or dominant specimen in a group, as in referring to the leader of a wolf pack as the alpha. By extension, in popular culture, an alpha male is a dominant, competitive, and aggressive man. Alpha is also the first stage in development of a product, especially software or hardware, during which the bugs are (ostensibly) worked out. Beta, in turn, refers to the next iteration of a product when a select group of people not involved in development of the product are invited to test it to enable further refinement. The word is also used in rock climbing as slang for â€Å"advice,† but this usage apparently stems from the name of the obsolete Betamax videotape format, not directly from the name of the second letter of the Greek alphabet. Delta, based on the shape of the Greek letter by that name, came in English to refer to a triangular area of land where a river divides into smaller flows of water as it nears an ocean; numerous deltas exist around the world, but the most prominent are the Nile Delta, in Egypt, and (to Americans, at least) the Mississippi River Delta, in Louisiana- the latter not to be confused with the Mississippi Delta, a land-bound geographic region in the northern part of Mississippi. It is the latter designation, not the former one, that inspired the phrase â€Å"Delta blues† to refer to the distinctive music form that developed in that part of the United States. Iota, as the smallest letter of the Greek alphabet, came to mean â€Å"a very small amount,† as in â€Å"He doesn’t have an iota of common sense.† The word was sometimes transcribed by Latin scholars as jota, which led to the synonym jot. (This is also the source of the verb jot, meaning â€Å"quickly make a note.†). Omega, as mentioned before, refers to the last or least of anything, including the omega wolf in a pack, while psi, in addition to its frequent use in scientific and technical contexts, refers to psychic or paranormal activity. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Arrive To vs. Arrive At"Confused With" and "Confused About"Nominalized Verbs

Overview of Perry Street Restaurant Found in New York Essay

Overview of Perry Street Restaurant Found in New York - Essay Example The paper will give the restaurants URLs date and time of our reservation, people we will be dining with, our dining experience expectation and other pertinent information about Perry Street restaurants. Going through different reviews, I could only find a few negatives and so many positives. Additionally, the restaurant was crowded even though their prices were a bit higher than expected. This is usually an indication of quality services and or good food. Most Jean Georges establishment has a reputation for quality service and good food. This made me feel that Perry Street would not disappoint. Also, the ambience and atmosphere at Perry Street were more than I expected; even though the restaurant was crowded, you could see that the place was neat and well arranged. This usually signals a good restaurant. The servers at the restaurant knew what was in their menu, they were not mealy doing recitals about the food they are serving. Also, the servers were formally dressed and clean, a clear indication that the restaurant cared about how its people looked like. These factors and others made me decide on Perry Street. Perry Street is located in the Richard Meir Towers on 176 Perry Street New York. It is a fairly new restaurant and was opened in 2005. Their URLs are www.perrystreetrestaurant.com and www.jean-georges.com. The websites employ an easy to use, fun, clear and informative interface. Perry Street is a bit casual dining restaurant with a mix of fine dining. Its head chef is Jean Georges Vongerichten and the restaurant belongs to the Jean Georges establishments. Jean Georges establishments are three and four-star restaurants of savvy restaurateur and businessman Jean Georges Vongerichten.

The Ethics of Democracy by John Dewey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Ethics of Democracy by John Dewey - Essay Example Understanding also the types of government that emerge throughout history would help in appreciating the importance of the government. A government is made up of people who help the citizens every day. The people are part of teams who work hard in the community for the welfare of many. A government may run a town, a school and a country as it decides for the people it leads (Bedesky 4). Basically a government is not just the group spearheading the direction of a country because it may exist in smaller groups that lead the people like cities or even school organizations and companies. There are several forms of government: republic, democracy, monarchy, aristocracy, dictatorship, and democratic republic. Republic is like democracy but it exists in many people and the political system allows the citizens to elect the representatives for their government. On the other hand, democracy is similar to republic but the focus is on the rule by the people. It means that the power of the govern ment officials is granted by the citizens. Monarchy differs from both republic and democracy since the political power is vested upon the king or queen. In other places as shown by the history, monarchy may have an emperor instead of a queen or king. Normally the royal family has the wealth and total control over the land and people have less say regarding the politics of their place. Today monarchy does not exist as part of politics. Aristocracy is somewhat related to monarchy because the members of the royal family are wealthy and educated. Aristocracy is a more general type since it does not need to have a royal family as long as the land is dominated politically by the wealthy families. Dictatorship is somewhat like aristocracy wherein few people are dominating the government but in dictatorship, harshness is involved and the dominant figure can just be a single person. Some of the prominent dictators in history are Castro of Cuba and Hitler of Germany. Last in the list of the c ommon forms of government is the democratic republic. Typically people may say that it is democracy and republic combined, but in reality it is a form of dictatorship as North Vietnam called itself as The Democratic Republic of Vietnam and China as The People’s Republic of China (The Global Citizen). In the study, the essay of John Dewey regarding ethics and democracy would be tackled thoroughly. Since the concept of government had been laid down, it would be great to also give some introduction and basic information regarding the concept of ethics. Later on democracy would be discussed in detail and a brief biography of John Dewey would also be included to connect his experiences and works to his specific view regarding democracy. The concept of ethics is almost synonymous to morality as some people use them interchangeably. The origin of the word ethics can be traced back from the Greek word ethickos which means habit or ethos which describes a pattern of behavior. On the o ther hand, morality comes from the Latin word morales which mean social norms. The concepts of morality and ethics can be misleading as they are more than just patterns of behaviors and norms. Ethics can be separated into several divisions: meta-ethics, normative ethics and practical ethics. Meta-ethics is about the things associated with the terms right, good and virtue. The major purpose of meta-ethics is to analyze an ethical system. Normative ethics as its name shows it is about